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Global, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

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机构: [1]Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Global Hlth & Anesthesiol & Pain M, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA [2]San Juan de Dios Sanit Park, St John God Hlth Pk, Barcelona, Spain [3]Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, Madrid, Spain [4]Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX USA [5]Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA USA [6]Univ Washington, Dept Pharm, Seattle, WA USA [7]Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA [8]Univ Washington, Seattle, WA USA [9]Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Fertil & Hlth, Oslo, Norway [10]Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA [11]World Hlth Org, Div Data Analyt & Delivery Impact, Geneva, Switzerland [12]Cairo Univ, Dept Neurol, Cairo, Egypt [13]Univ Tehran Med Sci, TIPS, Tehran, Iran [14]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Pharm, Tehran, Iran [15]Univ Southern Calif, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA [16]Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Huddinge, Sweden [17]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran [18]Debre Berhan Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Debre Brehan, Ethiopia [19]Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Pediat Dent, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil [20]Philippine Inst Dev Studies, Dept Res, Quezon City, Philippines [21]Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Internal Med Dept, Dammam, Saudi Arabia [22]Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Hamadan, Iran [23]Univ Coll Hosp, Coll Med, Ibadan, Nigeria [24]Olabisi Onabanjo Univ, Dept Sociol, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria [25]Kings Coll London, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, London, England [26]Stellenbosch Univ, Ctr Excellence Epidemiol Modelling & Anal, Stellenbosch, South Africa [27]Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa [28]Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth, Ardebil, Iran [29]Natl Inst Hlth, Social Behav Res Branch, Bethesda, MD USA [30]Georgetown Univ, Div Hematol & Oncol, Washington, DC USA [31]Mayo Clin, Dept Dermatol, Rochester, MN USA [32]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [33]McMaster Univ, Dept Family Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada [34]Qom Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Qom, Iran [35]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Urol Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [36]CSIR, Inst Genom & Integrat Biol, Delhi, India [37]Baylor Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Houston, TX USA [38]MAHSA Univ, Fac Pharm, Kuala Langat, Malaysia [39]Southeast Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Nanjing, Peoples R China [40]Univ Nottingham, Lincoln Med Sch, Lincoln, England [41]Univ Lincoln, Lincoln Med Sch, Lincoln, England [42]Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Environm Technol Res Ctr, Ahvaz, Iran [43]Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Ahvaz, Iran [44]Jimma Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Jimma, Ethiopia [45]Univ S Australia, Australian Ctr Precis Hlth, Adelaide, SA, Australia [46]Univ Ibadan, Inst Adv Med Res & Training, Ibadan, Nigeria [47]Newcastle Univ, Inst Neurosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England [48]Washington Univ St Louis, John T Milliken Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO USA [49]Clin Epidemiol Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, St Louis, MO USA [50]Murdoch Univ, Murdoch Business Sch, Perth, WA, Australia [51]Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Dammam, Saudi Arabia [52]Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Hlth Informat Management & Technol Dept, Dammam, Saudi Arabia [53]Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Syst Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico [54]Arba Minch Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Arba Minch, Ethiopia [55]Arba Minch Univ, Dept Midwifery, Injbara, Ethiopia [56]Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Hlth Sci Hlth Management & Policy, Beirut, Lebanon [57]British Columbia Childrens Hosp Res Inst, British Columbia Injury Res Prevent Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada [58]Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Inst Hlth Res, Ho, Ghana [59]Sultan Qaboos Univ, Dept Informat Syst, Muscat, Oman [60]Italian Natl Inst Stat, Directorate Social Stat & Populat Census, Rome, Italy [61]Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Qazvin, Iran [62]Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [63]Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Econ, Tehran, Iran [64]Kuwait Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Safat, Kuwait [65]Natl Univ Malaysia, Int Ctr Casemix & Clin Coding, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia [66]Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sch Publ Hlth, Bordeaux, France [67]King Saud Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [68]McGill Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Montreal, PQ, Canada [69]Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Arak, Iran [70]Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Med, Dammam, Saudi Arabia [71]King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Community Med, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia [72]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [73]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Tehran Heart Ctr, Tehran, Iran [74]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Kermanshah, Iran [75]Univ Philippines Manila, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Manila, Philippines [76]Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA [77]African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Maternal & Child Wellbeing Unit, Nairobi, Kenya [78]Samara Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Samara, Ethiopia [79]Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Pharm, Bucharest, Romania [80]Univ Queensland, Ctr Sensorimotor Performance, Brisbane, Qld, Australia [81]Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Neurol Dept, Brisbane, Qld, Australia [82]Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania [83]Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Cardiol, Bucharest, Romania [84]Univ Thessaly, Dept Med, Volos, Greece [85]Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Rafsanjan, Iran [86]Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Evidence Based Med, Tabriz, Iran [87]AREEO, Razi Vaccine & Serum Res Inst, Tehran, Iran [88]Zahedan Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Zahedan, Iran [89]Univ Philippines Manila, Dept Hlth Policy & Adm, Manila, Philippines [90]Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Social Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China [91]Univ Tasmania, Menzies Inst Med Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia [92]Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Dept Parasitol, Sari, Iran [93]Iranshahr Univ Med Sci, Dept Parasitol, Iranshahr, Iran [94]Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Dept Pathol, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [95]Birjand Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Birjand, Iran [96]Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden [97]Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Social Studies, Falun, Sweden [98]Univ Texas Houston, Dept Plast Surg, Houston, TX USA [99]Iran Univ Med Sci, Prevent Med & Publ Hlth Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [100]Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Epilepsy Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran [101]Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA USA [102]Philadelphia Univ, Fac Nursing, Amman, Jordan [103]Univ Leicester, Sch Business, Leicester, Leics, England [104]Univ Liege, Gastroenterol Dept, Liege, Belgium [105]La Trobe Univ, Judith Lumley Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [106]Curtin Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Perth, WA, Australia [107]Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Hlth Policy Planning & Management, Ho, Ghana [108]Debre Berhan Univ, Dept Nursing, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia [109]Univ Gondar, Dept Reprod Hlth, Gondar, Ethiopia [110]Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India [111]Univ Groningen, Dept Demog, Groningen, Netherlands [112]Inst Social & Econ Change, Populat Res Ctr, Bangalore, Karnataka, India [113]Med Univ Lodz, Dept Hypertens, Lodz, Poland [114]Polish Mothers Mem Hosp Res Inst, Lodz, Poland [115]Walden Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA [116]Bangladesh Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Noncommunicable Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh [117]Univ Auckland, Sch Psychol, Auckland, New Zealand [118]Harvard Univ, Ctr Primary Care, Boston, MA USA [119]Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, London, England [120]Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany [121]Melbourne Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [122]Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Hlth Human Resources Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran [123]Ambo Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Ambo, Ethiopia [124]Gandhi Med Coll Bhopal, Dept Community Med, Bhopal, India [125]Jazan Univ, Jazan, Saudi Arabia [126]Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Neurosci, Milan, Italy [127]Univ Hosp Dijon, Dept Neurol, Dijon, France [128]Univ Burgundy, Dijon Stroke Registry UFR Sci Sante, Dijon, France [129]Yale Univ, Sch Environm, New Haven, CT USA [130]Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Internal Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil [131]United Arab Emirates Univ, Dept Internal Med, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates [132]Charles Univ Prague, Dept Social & Clin Pharm, Prague, Czech Republic [133]All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med & Family Med, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India [134]All India Inst Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India [135]Natl Inst Biomed Genom, Dept Stat & Computat Genom, Kalyani, W Bengal, India [136]Univ Calcutta, Dept Stat, Kolkata, India [137]Global Inst Interdisciplinary Studies, Dept Global Hlth, Kathmandu, Nepal [138]Univ Toronto, Ctr Global Child Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada [139]Aga Khan Univ, Ctr Excellence Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan [140]Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Faisalabad, Pakistan [141]Babol Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Babol, Iran [142]Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Ranica, Italy [143]Univ Catania, Dept Gen Surg & Med Surg Specialties, Catania, Italy [144]Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia [145]Debre Tabor Univ, Dept Nursing, Debretabor, Ethiopia [146]Inst Postgrad Med Educ & Res, Dept Neurol, Kolkata, India [147]Seth Sukhlal Karnani Mem Hosp, Kolkata, India [148]Univ Bergen, Dept Global Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Bergen, Norway [149]Canc Registry Norway, Oslo, Norway [150]Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Vet Med, Kermanshah, Iran [151]Nazarbayev Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Nur Sultan City, Kazakhstan [152]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Internal Med, Mangalore, India [153]Univ New S Wales, Transport & Road Safety TARS Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia [154]German Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Epidemiol & Aging Res, Heidelberg, Germany [155]Curtin Univ, Sch Physiotherapy & Exercise Sci, Perth, WA, Australia [156]IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia [157]Inst Sci Res & High Technol Serv, Neurosci Unit, Panama City, Panama [158]Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Studies, Panama City, Panama [159]Employee State Insurance Post Grad Inst Med Sci &, Dept Community Med, Bangalore, Karnataka, India [160]Tech Univ Berlin, Dept Hlth Care Management, Berlin, Germany [161]Univ Waterloo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst, Waterloo, ON, Canada [162]Al Shifa Trust Eye Hosp, Al Shifa Sch Publ Hlth, Rawalpindi, Pakistan [163]Fed Polytech Sch Lausanne, Inst Microengn, Lausanne, Switzerland [164]Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Internal Med Dept, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina [165]Argentine Soc Med, Board Directors, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina [166]Nanyang Technol Univ, Ctr Populat Hlth Sci, Singapore, Singapore [167]Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England [168]Metropolitan Autonomous Univ, Dept Hlth Care, Mexico City, DF, Mexico [169]Inst Canc Res Prevent & Clin Network, Florence, Italy [170]Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden [171]Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal [172]Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil [173]Natl Inst Hlth, Colombian Natl Hlth Observ, Bogota, Colombia [174]Univ Nacl Colombia, Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Evaluat Grp, Bogota, Colombia [175]Univ Udine, Dept Med, Udine, Italy [176]Healthcare Agcy Friuli Occidentale, Dept Mental Hlth, Pordenone, Italy [177]Australian Catholic Univ, Mary MacKillop Inst Hlth Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [178]Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Peoples R China [179]Univ St Andrews, Infect & Global Hlth Res, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland [180]NHS Natl Serv Scotland, Reg Infect Dis Unit, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland [181]Univ Birmingham, Inst Appl Hlth Res, Birmingham, W Midlands, England [182]Geisinger Hlth Syst, Kidney Hlth Res Inst, Danville, PA USA [183]All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India [184]Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada [185]Tata Mem Hosp, Ctr Canc Epidemiol, Navi Mumbai, India [186]Tata Mem Hosp, Dept Head Neck Surg, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India [187]Dr DY Patil Univ, Res Dept, Pune, Maharashtra, India [188]Univ Buffalo, Dept Epidemiol & Environm Hlth, Buffalo, TN USA [189]Heidelberg Univ, HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany [190]Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Populat Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia [191]Monash Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [192]Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Med Sch, Parkville, Vic, Australia [193]Univ Washington, Div Plast Surg, Seattle, WA USA [194]Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Maternal & Child Hlth Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh [195]Univ South Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC USA [196]Hanoi Natl Univ Educ, Fac Biol, Hanoi, Vietnam [197]UCL, Dept Hlth Informat, London, England [198]Hlth Data Res UK, London, England [199]Wayne State Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Detroit, MI USA [200]Univ Adelaide, Adelaide Med Sch, Adelaide, SA, Australia [201]Univ South Australia, Sch Pharm & Med Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia [202]Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil [203]Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, La Jolla, CA USA [204]Univ Sydney, Fac Med & Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia [205]Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Environm Hlth Dept, Dammam, Saudi Arabia [206]Univ Milan, Clin Dermatol, IRCCS Ist Ortoped Galeazzi, Milan, Italy [207]Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Dermatol, Cleveland, OH USA [208]Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India [209]Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India [210]Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD USA [211]Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Pathol, Esfahan, Iran [212]Aga Khan Univ, Div Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan [213]BRAC Univ, James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh [214]Latin Amer Fac Social Sci Mexico, Dept Populat & Dev, Mexico City, DF, Mexico [215]Al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Hlth Res Inst, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan [216]Jamia Millia Islamia, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Basic Sci, Delhi, India [217]Griffith Univ, Australian Inst Suicide Res & Prevent, Mt Gravatt, Qld, Australia [218]Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Nutr & Hlth Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico [219]Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, St Pauls Eye Unit, Liverpool, Merseyside, England [220]Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Ophthalmol, Thessaloniki, Greece [221]Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Decatur, GA USA [222]Univ Peradeniya, Dept Community Med, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka [223]Far Western Univ, Dept Microbiol, Mahendranagar, Nepal [224]Shahroud Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Shahroud, Iran [225]Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Shiraz, Iran [226]Univ Porto, Lab Toxicol, Porto, Portugal [227]Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Complex Sci, Mexico City, DF, Mexico [228]Autonomous Univ Sinaloa, Fac Vet Med & Zootech, Culiacan Rosales, Mexico [229]Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Inst Stroke & Dementia Res, Munich, Germany [230]Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Dev Res & Technol Ctr, Tehran, Iran [231]Med Univ Varna, Dept Social Med & Hlth Care Org, Varna, Bulgaria [232]Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Med Lab Sci, Tehran, Iran [233]Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Tabriz, Iran [234]Univ Fed Bahia, Sch Med, Salvador, BA, Brazil [235]Bahiana Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Internal Med, Salvador, BA, Brazil [236]Harvard Univ, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA USA [237]Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Social Serv, Boston, MA USA [238]Florida Int Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Miami, FL USA [239]La Trobe Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [240]Umea Univ, Dept Nursing, Umea, Sweden [241]Univ Newcastle, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Newcastle, NSW, Australia [242]Univ Michigan, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Ann Arbor, MI USA [243]Univ Michigan, Inst Hlth Care Policy & Innovat, Ann Arbor, MI USA [244]Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA USA [245]Harvard Univ, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA USA [246]Alexandria Univ, Biomed Informat & Med Stat Dept, Alexandria, Egypt [247]Mansoura Univ, Dept Clin Pathol, Mansoura, Egypt [248]Alexandria Univ, Pediat Dent & Dent Publ Hlth Dept, Alexandria, Egypt [249]Kerman Univ Med Sci, Dept Med Chem, Kerman, Iran [250]Kerman Univ Med Sci, Pharmaceut Res Ctr, Kerman, Iran [251]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Multiple Sclerosis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [252]Tarbiat Modares Univ, Dept Physiol, Tehran, Iran [253]Islamic Azad Univ, Tehran Med Sci Branch, Tehran, Iran [254]Hawassa Univ, Unit Med Physiol, Hawassa, Ethiopia [255]Univ Pavia, Dept Biol & Biotechnol Lazzaro Spallanzani, Pavia, Italy [256]Cihan Univ Erbil, Dept Biol, Erbil, Iraq [257]Univ Fed Sergipe, Dept Psychol, Sao Cristovao, Brazil [258]Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Ardebil, Iran [259]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Tehran, Iran [260]Auckland Univ Technol, Natl Inst Stroke & Appl Neurosci, Auckland, New Zealand [261]Res Ctr Neurol, Moscow, Russia [262]Univ Ottawa, Div Neurol, Ottawa, ON, Canada [263]Univ Porto, Associated Lab Green Chem LAQV, Porto, Portugal [264]Univ Milano Bicocca, Res Ctr Publ Hlth, Monza, Italy [265]Univ Sydney, IBJR, Sydney, NSW, Australia [266]Kaiser Permanente, Psychiat Dept, Fontana, CA USA [267]AT Still Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Mesa, AZ USA [268]Ravensburg Weingarten Univ Appl Sci, Inst Gerontol Hlth Serv & Nursing Res, Weingarten, Germany [269]Ohio State Univ, James Canc Hosp, Columbus, OH USA [270]Natl Acad Med Sci Ukraine, Inst Gerontol, Kiev, Ukraine [271]Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Dept Child Dent Hlth, Ife, Nigeria [272]Timiryazev Inst Plant Physiol, Dept Cell Biol & Biotechnol, Moscow, Russia [273]Abadan Fac Med Sci, Dept Med Parasitol, Abadan, Iran [274]James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Douglas, Qld, Australia [275]Cleveland Clin, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Cleveland, OH USA [276]Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA [277]Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Milan, Italy [278]Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia [279]Mekelle Univ, Sch Pharm, Mekelle, Ethiopia [280]Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Perth, WA, Australia [281]Aksum Univ, Sch Pharm, Aksum, Ethiopia [282]Mekelle Univ, Dept Pharm, Mekelle, Ethiopia [283]Tarbiat Modares Univ, Dept Parasitol & Entomol, Tehran, Iran [284]Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Dept Med Surg Nursing, Tabriz, Iran [285]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Neurol, Tehran, Iran [286]Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Fac Nursing & Midwifery, Sanandaj, Iran [287]Iran Univ Med Sci, Student Res Comm, Tehran, Iran [288]Tech Univ Denmark, Res Grp Genom Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark [289]Islamic Azad Univ, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Rasht, Iran [290]Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Biol, Tehran, Iran [291]Howard Univ, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC USA [292]Howard Univ, Dept Community & Family Med, Washington, DC USA [293]San Juan de Dios Sanit Pk, Res Innovat & Teaching Unit, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain [294]Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Lab Neurol Disorders, Milan, Italy [295]Arba Minch Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Arba Minch, Ethiopia [296]Res Ctr Neurol, Dept Neurol 3, Moscow, Russia [297]Univ New S Wales, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Kensington, NSW, Australia [298]Univ Oklahoma Hlth Sci Ctr, Hudson Coll Publ Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA [299]Govt Federated States Micronesia, Dept Hlth & Social Affairs, Palikir, Micronesia [300]Inst Canc Res Prevent & Clin Network, Oncol Network Prevent & Res Inst, Florence, Italy [301]Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Clin & Epidemiol Res, Sao Paulo, Brazil [302]United Arab Emirates Univ, Inst Publ Hlth Dept, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates [303]Charles Univ Prague, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Prague, Czech Republic [304]St James Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, The Valley, Anguilla [305]St James Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, The Valley, Anguilla [306]Univ Fed Goias, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth IPTSP, Goiania, Go, Brazil [307]Binzhou Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Yantai, Peoples R China [308]March Dimes, Med Resources Dept, Arlington, VA USA [309]West Virginia Univ Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy Management & Leadership, Morgantown, WV USA [310]Ramon Fuente Muniz Natl Inst Psychiat, Dept Epidemiol & Psychosocial Res, Mexico City, DF, Mexico [311]Umm Al Qura Univ, Coll Med, Mecca, Saudi Arabia [312]London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, MSc Epidemiol Programme, London, England [313]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Tehran, Iran [314]Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Obes Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [315]Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA [316]Arabian Gulf Univ, Dept Family & Community Med, Manama, Bahrain [317]Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart Univ, Sch Hlth & Environm Studies, Dubai, U Arab Emirates [318]Univ Western Australia, Med Sch, Perth, WA, Australia [319]Sir Charles Gairdner Hosp, Dept Neurol, Perth, WA, Australia [320]Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Tabriz, Iran [321]Univ Barcelona, Res Unit, Barcelona, Spain [322]Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, Barcelona, Spain [323]Al Azhar Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, Cairo, Egypt [324]Utica Coll, Dept Biol, Utica, NY 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Epidemiol & Biostat, Tehran, Iran [341]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Pediat Chron Kidney Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [342]Duy Tan Univ, Inst Res & Dev, Da Nang, Vietnam [343]Univ Human Dev, Dept Comp Sci, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq [344]Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Internal Med, Bucharest, Romania [345]Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Legal Med & Bioeth, Bucharest, Romania [346]Natl Inst Legal Med Mina Minovic, Clin Legal Med Dept, Bucharest, Romania [347]Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Doha, Qatar [348]Univ Tunis El Manar, Fac Med Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia [349]Cent South Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Changsha, Peoples R China [350]Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Med Coll, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Lahore, Pakistan [351]China Med Univ, Dept Occupat Safety & Hlth, Taichung, Taiwan [352]Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Publ Hlth, Naples, Italy [353]Univ Ibadan, Dept Hlth Promot & Educ, Ibadan, Nigeria [354]Univ Ibadan, Dept Community Med, Ibadan, Nigeria [355]Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Ibadan, Nigeria [356]Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia [357]Univ Kragujevac, Dept Epidemiol, Kragujevac, Serbia [358]Bangalore Baptist Hosp, Div Community Hlth & Family Med, Bangalore, Karnataka, India [359]Taipei Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan [360]Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Res Inst Endocrine Sci, Tehran, Iran [361]Taipei Med Univ, Grad Inst Biomed Informat, Taipei, Taiwan [362]Osaka Univ, Dept Social Med, Suita, Osaka, Japan [363]Univ New South Wales, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia [364]South African Med Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa [365]Univ Ft Hare, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Alice, South Africa [366]Guilan Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Rasht, Iran [367]IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, NA Semashko Dept Publ Hlth & Healthcare, Moscow, Russia [368]Univ Kragujevac, Dept Global Hlth Econ & Policy, Kragujevac, Serbia [369]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Social Dev & Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Kermanshah, Iran [370]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Kermanshah, Iran [371]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Manipal, Karnataka, India [372]Boston Univ, Hlth Informat Lab, Boston, MA USA [373]Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Autism Spectrum Disorders Res Ctr, Hamadan, Iran [374]Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Community Med, Delhi, India [375]Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Community Med, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India [376]Duke Kunshan Univ, Environm Res Ctr, Kunshan, Peoples R China [377]Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC USA [378]George Inst Global Hlth, Renal & Cardiovasc Div, New Delhi, India [379]Univ New South Wales, Sch Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia [380]Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Mannheim, Germany [381]Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China [382]Univ Opole, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, Opole, Poland [383]Univ Tartu, Inst Family Med & Publ Hlth, Tartu, Estonia [384]Iran Univ Med Sci, Minimally Invas Surg Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [385]Univ Coll Cork, Sch Publ Hlth, Cork, Ireland [386]Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA [387]Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Inst Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Qazvin, Iran [388]Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Hlth Serv Management Dept, Qazvin, Iran [389]All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India [390]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Environm Determinants Hlth, Kermanshah, Iran [391]Univ Munster, Inst Epidemiol & Social Med, Munster, Germany [392]Bahir Dar Univ, Dept Adult Hlth Nursing, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia [393]Inst Human Virol Nigeria, Int Res Ctr Excellence, Abuja, Nigeria [394]Univ Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands [395]Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Publ Hlth, Irbid, Jordan [396]Univ Management & Technol, Sch Food & Agr Sci, Lahore, Pakistan [397]Zahedan Univ Med Sci, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Zahedan, Iran [398]Jazan Univ, Epidemiol Dept, Jazan, Saudi Arabia [399]Hlth Serv Acad, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Islamabad, Pakistan [400]Sheffield Hallam Univ, Fac Hlth & Wellbeing, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England [401]Ohio Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Zanesville, OH USA [402]Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Ctr Global Evidence Synth Initiat, Wardha, India [403]Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran [404]Iranian Acad Med Sci, Tehran, Iran [405]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Kermanshah, Iran [406]Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [407]Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA [408]Korea Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Seoul, South Korea [409]Xiamen Univ Malaysia, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Sepang, Malaysia [410]Simmons Univ, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA USA [411]Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, Oslo, Norway [412]Kristiania Univ Coll, Sch Hlth Sci, Oslo, Norway [413]Tulane Univ, Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, New Orleans, LA USA [414]UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England [415]Univ Helsinki, Dept Publ Hlth, Helsinki, Finland [416]Global Healthcare Consulting, New Delhi, India [417]Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Arak, Iran [418]Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada [419]Arthrit Res Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada [420]Vancouver Virol Ctr, Global Hlth Dept, Vancouver, BC, Canada [421]Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, San Juan de Dios Sanit Pk, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain [422]Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona, Spain [423]Panjab Univ, Dept Anthropol, Chandigarh, India [424]Univ Montreal, Dept Demog, Montreal, PQ, Canada [425]Univ Montreal, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada [426]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India [427]Univ Nairobi, Dept Psychiat, Nairobi, Kenya [428]UCL, Div Psychol & Language Sci, London, England [429]McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada [430]Univ Birmingham, Inst Occupat & Environm Med, Birmingham, W Midlands, England [431]Imperial Coll London, Imperial Coll Business Sch, London, England [432]Univ Indonesia, Fac Publ Hlth, Depok, Indonesia [433]Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Oxford, England [434]Oxford Biomed Res Ctr, NIHR, Oxford, England [435]Univ Queensland, Sch Dent, Brisbane, Qld, Australia [436]Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA [437]Univ Baghdad, Dept Community & Family Med, Baghdad, Iraq [438]Inst Med Sci, Unit Genet & Publ Hlth, Las Tablas, Panama [439]Minist Hlth, Herrera, Panama [440]HelpMeSee, New York, NY USA [441]Mexican Inst Ophthalmol, Queretaro, Mexico [442]Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden [443]Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Chem & Pharmacol, Uppsala, Sweden [444]Father Muller Med Coll, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Mangalore, India [445]CNR, Inst Clin Physiol, Pisa, Italy [446]Univ Milan, Dept Clin Sci & Community Hlth, Milan, Italy [447]Nova Southeastern Univ, Coll Optometry, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA [448]IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Informat & Internet Technol, Moscow, Russia [449]Fed Res Inst Hlth Org & Informat Minist Hlth FRIH, Moscow, Russia [450]Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Sch Nursing, Hong Kong, Peoples R China [451]Monash Univ, Sch Pharm, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia [452]Taylors Univ Lakeside Campus, Sch Pharm, Subang Jaya, Malaysia [453]Univ Sydney, Asbestos Dis Res Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia [454]Carlo Besta Neurol Inst IRCCS, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Milan, Italy [455]Tufts Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Boston, MA USA [456]Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA [457]USL Tuscany Ctr, Dept Prevent, Florence, Italy [458]Univ Florence, Dept Hlth Sci, Florence, Italy [459]Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [460]Univ Haifa, Sch Publ Hlth, Haifa, Israel [461]Univ Michigan, Dept Syst Populat & Leadership, Ann Arbor, MI USA [462]Univ Melbourne, Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [463]Univ Jena, Inst Nutr Sci, Jena, Germany [464]Competence Cluster Nutr & Cardiovasc Hlth nutriCA, Jena, Germany [465]Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil [466]Liverpool Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Gen Surg, Liverpool, Merseyside, England [467]Univ Liverpool, Dept Surg, Liverpool, Merseyside, England [468]Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Dept Pathol, Dammam, Saudi Arabia [469]Deakin Univ, Inst Phys Activ & Nutr, Burwood, Vic, Australia [470]South African Med Res Council, Grants Innovat & Prod Dev Unit, Cape Town, South Africa [471]Michigan State Univ, Radiol & Precis Hlth Program, E Lansing, MI USA [472]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Clin Res Dev Ctr, Kermanshah, Iran [473]Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Environm Hlth Res Ctr, Sanandaj, Iran [474]Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran [475]Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Maternal & Child Nursing & Publ Hlth, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil [476]Univ Queensland, Inst Social Sci Res, Indooroopilly, Qld, Australia [477]Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Tehran, Iran [478]Univ Manitoba, Sch Med, Winnipeg, MB, Canada [479]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Substance Abuse Prevent Res Ctr, Kermanshah, Iran [480]Univ Airlangga, Fac Publ Hlth, Surabaya, Indonesia [481]Indonesian Publ Hlth Assoc, Surabaya, Indonesia [482]Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Ceara, Campus Caucaia, Caucaia, Brazil [483]Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Dept Midwifery, Hamadan, Iran [484]Univ Hosp Ctr Sao Joao, Dept Neurol, Porto, Portugal [485]Univ Porto, Dept Clin Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Porto, Portugal [486]George Inst Global Hlth, Res Div, New Delhi, India [487]Kings Coll London, Dept Twin Res & Genet Epidemiol, London, England [488]Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia [489]Aarhus Univ, Natl Ctr Register Based Res, Aarhus, Denmark [490]London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Hlth Serv Res & Policy, London, England [491]Janakpuri Super Specialty Hosp Soc, Dept Neurol, New Delhi, India [492]Govind Ballabh Inst Med Educ & Res, Dept Neurol, New Delhi, India [493]Iran Univ Med Sci, Nutr Hlth Res Ctr, Hamadan, Iran [494]United Nations Populat Fund UNFPA, Peru Country Off, Lima, Peru [495]Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Forens Med Div, Dammam, Saudi Arabia [496]Natl Inst Hlth, Ctr Translat Res & Implementat Sci, Bethesda, MD USA [497]Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Cape Town, South Africa [498]Asfendiyarov Kazakh Natl Med Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan [499]Helsinki Univ Hosp, Breast Surg Unit, Helsinki, Finland [500]Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [501]Helsinki Univ Hosp, Neurol Unit, Helsinki, Finland [502]Univ Melbourne, Sch Hlth Sci, Parkville, Vic, Australia [503]Dr Zora Profoz Polyclin, Clin Microbiol & Parasitol Unit, Zagreb, Croatia [504]Univ North, Univ Ctr Varazdin, Varazhdin, Croatia [505]Pomeranian Med Univ, Dept Propedeut Internal Dis & Arterial Hypertens, Szczecin, Poland [506]Lausanne Univ Hosp, Woman Mother Child Dept, Lausanne, Switzerland [507]Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA [508]McMaster Univ, Dept Hlth Res Methods Evidence & Impact, Hamilton, ON, Canada [509]Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Internal Med Programme, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan [510]Natl Ctr Cardiol & Internal Dis, Dept Atherosclerosis & Coronary Heart Dis, Bishkek, Kazakhstan [511]Kashan Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Biochem & Nutr Metab Dis, Kashan, Iran [512]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Sports Med & Rehabil, Kermanshah, Iran [513]Univ New South Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia [514]Frankfurt Univ Appl Sci, Inst Addict Res ISFF, Frankfurt, Germany [515]Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran [516]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Hlth Equ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [517]King Saud Univ, Internal Med Dept, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [518]Salahaddin Univ Erbil, Dept Forestry, Erbil, Iraq [519]Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden [520]Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Res Inst Hlth Dev, Sanandaj City, Iran [521]Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Shahrekord, Iran [522]Ahmadu Bello Univ, Hlth Syst & Policy Res Unit, Zaria, Nigeria [523]Messina Univ, Dept Biomed & Dental Sci & Morphofunct Imaging, Messina, Italy [524]Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Sanandaj, Iran [525]Univ Bath, Dept Math Sci, Bath, Avon, England [526]Queensland Univ Technol, Int Lab Air Qual & Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia [527]Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Kyoto, Japan [528]United Nations Populat Fund UNFPA, Asia Pacific Reg Off, Bangkok, Thailand [529]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Hlth Policy Management & Econ, Tehran, Iran [530]Univ Campinas Unicamp, Dept Food Sci, Campinas, Brazil [531]Fed Inst Populat Res, Wiesbaden, Germany [532]Ctr Populat & Hlth, Wiesbaden, Germany [533]Inst Postgrad Med Educ & Res, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Kolkata, India [534]Univ Nairobi, Sch Econ, Nairobi, Kenya [535]Initiat Financing Hlth & Human Dev, Res & Analyt Dept, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India [536]Bioinsilico Technol, Dept Res & Analyt, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India [537]Hamedan Univ Med Sci, Dept Cardiol, Hamadan, Iran [538]Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia [539]Kursk State Med Univ, Expt Surg & Oncol Lab, Kursk, Russia [540]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Kermanshah, Iran [541]Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Control Dis Epidem & Pandem, Yaounde, Cameroon [542]Univ Yaounde, Dept Publ Hlth, Yaounde, Cameroon [543]Makerere Univ, Dept Dis Control & Environm Hlth, Kampala, Uganda [544]Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania [545]Emergency Hosp Bucharest, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania [546]Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Anat & Embryol, Bucharest, Romania [547]Cardio Aid, Bucharest, Romania [548]Univ Tampere, Dept Hlth Sci, Tampere, Finland [549]Univ Embu, Dept Biol Sci, Embu, Kenya [550]Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Hanoi, Vietnam [551]Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth & Family Med, Cape Town, South Africa [552]Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Community & Family Med, Tehran, Iran [553]Keio Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Tokyo, Japan [554]Univ Tokyo, Dept Global Hlth Policy, Tokyo, Japan [555]Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden [556]Univ Adelaide, Ctr Heart Rhythm Disorders, Adelaide, SA, Australia [557]Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Huddinge, Sweden [558]Inst Med Sci, Unit Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Las Tablas, Panama [559]Minist Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Herrera, Panama [560]Western Sydney Univ, Translat Hlth Res Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia [561]Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Seoul, South Korea [562]Golestan Univ Med Sci, Gorgan Congenital Malformat Res Ctr, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran [563]McMaster Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Hamilton, ON, Canada [564]Univ Lagos, Dept Psychiat, Lagos, Nigeria [565]Ctr Healthy Start Initiat, Lagos, Nigeria [566]Univ Nigeria Nsukka, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Enugu, Nigeria [567]Univ Novi Sad, Dept Biomed Sci, Novi Sad, Serbia [568]Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ, Dept Project Management, Moscow, Russia [569]Univ Ibadan, Dept Med, Ibadan, Nigeria [570]Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Med, Ibadan, Nigeria [571]Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Acad Hlth Educ &, Dept Resp Med, Mysore, Karnataka, India [572]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Forens Med, Mangalore, India [573]Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Heidelberg, Germany [574]Publ Hlth Fdn India, Dept Res, Gurugram, India [575]Univ Philippines Manila, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Manila, Philippines [576]Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA [577]Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Physiol, Tehran, Iran [578]Iran Univ Med Sci, Physiol Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [579]James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Townsville, NSW, Australia [580]Ateneo Manila Univ, Ctr Res & Innovat, Pasig, Philippines [581]New York Univ, Sch Global Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA [582]Yenepoya Med Coll, Dept Orthoped, Mangalore, India [583]Univ New South Wales, Sch Optometry & Vis Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia [584]Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Mental Hlth Ctr, Shanghai, Peoples R China [585]Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA [586]Univ Bern, Dept Cardiol, Bern, Switzerland [587]Univ Porto, Dept Chem, Porto, Portugal [588]Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands [589]Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands [590]Univ Groningen, Sch Econ & Business, Groningen, Netherlands [591]Maragheh Univ Med Sci, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Maragheh, Iran [592]Alborz Univ Med Sci, Dietary Supplements & Probiot Res Ctr, Karaj, Iran [593]Fdn Valle Lili, Clin Res Ctr, Cali, Colombia [594]ICESI Univ, Ctr Studies Social Protect & Hlth Econ, Cali, Colombia [595]Smt BKS Med Inst & Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, Vadodara, India [596]Muhammadiyah Univ Surakarta, Hlth Sci Dept, Sukoharjo, Indonesia [597]Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med, Wardha, India [598]Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Chem, Tehran, Iran [599]Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL USA [600]Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada [601]Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Res Ctr, Ahvaz, Iran [602]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Metabolom & Genom Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [603]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [604]Maharishi Markandeshwar Inst Med Sci & Res, Dept Community Med, Ambala, India [605]Federat Univ Australia, Sch Nursing & Healthcare Profess, Berwick, Vic, Australia [606]Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Tehran, Iran [607]Policy Res Inst, Res Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal [608]Global Ctr Res & Dev, Hlth & Publ Policy Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal [609]Univ Otago, Dept Med, Wellington, New Zealand [610]Capital & Coast Dist Hlth Board, Dept Neurol, Wellington, New Zealand [611]Srinivas Inst Dental Sci, Dept Oral Pathol, Mangalore, India [612]Iran Univ Med Sci, Tehran Inst Psychiat, Tehran, Iran [613]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Mangalore, India [614]Publ Hlth England, Acad Publ Hlth England, London, England [615]Imperial Coll London, WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training, London, England [616]Univ Coll London Hosp, London, England [617]CQ Univ, Sch Hlth Med & Appl Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia [618]Boston Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Boston, MA USA [619]Western Sydney Univ, Sch Social Sci & Psychol, Penrith, NSW, Australia [620]Western Sydney Univ, Translat Hlth Res Inst, Penrith, NSW, Australia [621]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Hlth Informat Management, Manipal, Karnataka, India [622]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal, Karnataka, India [623]Brien Holden Vis Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia [624]USERN, NIIMA, Tehran, Iran [625]Birjand Univ Med Sci, Cardiovasc Dis Res Ctr, Birjand, Iran [626]Univ Porto, Dept Chem Sci, Porto, Portugal [627]Univ Porto, Epidemiol Res Unit Inst Publ Hlth EPIUnit ISPUP, Porto, Portugal [628]Univ Minnesota, Dept Surg, Minneapolis, MN USA [629]Univ Teaching Hosp Kigali, Dept Surg, Kigali, Rwanda [630]Univ Fed Uberlandia, Dept Clin Res, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil [631]Univ Perugia, Dept Neurosci, Perugia, Italy [632]Rimini Infermi Hosp AUSL Romagna, Dept Neurol, Rimini, Italy [633]Ulm Univ, Inst Epidemiol & Med Biometry, Ulm, Germany [634]Agrosavia, Palmira, Colombia [635]Univ Oxford, Malaria Atlas Project, Oxford, England [636]Natl Inst Med Res, Dept Hlth Stat, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania [637]Mayo Clin, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Rochester, MN USA [638]Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Tehran, Iran [639]Univ New South Wales, Sch Psychiat, Kensington, NSW, Australia [640]Prince Wales Hosp, Neuropsychiat Inst, Randwick, NSW, Australia [641]Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Cardiac Rehabilitat Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran [642]All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, New Delhi, India [643]Soran Univ, Dept Phytochem, Soran, Iraq [644]Cihan Univ Erbil, Dept Nutr, Erbil, Kurdistan Regio, Iraq [645]Cent Univ Punjab, Dept Microbiol, Bathinda, India [646]Cairo Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Giza, Egypt [647]London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Global Hlth & Dev, London, England [648]Ain Shams Univ, Dept Entomol, Cairo, Egypt [649]Marshall Univ, Dept Surg, Huntington, WV USA [650]Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Nutr & Prevent Med, Cleveland, OH USA [651]Univ Hosp Bristol NHS Fdn Trust, Rheumatol Dept, Bristol, Avon, England [652]Univ Belgrade, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Management, Belgrade, Serbia [653]PSG Inst Med Sci & Res, Dept Community Med, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India [654]PSG FAIMER South Asia Reg Inst, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India [655]Iran Univ Med Sci, Colorectal Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [656]Hamad Med Corp, Dept Geriatr & Long Term Care, Doha, Qatar [657]Bournemouth Univ, Fac Hlth & Social Sci, Bournemouth, Dorset, England [658]McMaster Univ, Populat Hlth Res Inst, Hamilton, ON, Canada [659]George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia [660]Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL USA [661]Charite Univ Med Ctr, Oral Diagnosis Digital Hlth & Hlth Serv Res, Berlin, Germany [662]Manian Med Ctr, Emergency Dept, Erode, India [663]Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Ctr Biomed Informat Technol, Shenzhen, Peoples R China [664]Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Radiol & Intervent Neuroradiol, Esfahan, Iran [665]Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Hlth Policy Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran 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Patna, Bihar, India [684]Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India [685]Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Sports Sci & Clin Biomech, Odense, Denmark [686]Naestved Slagelse Ringsted Hosp, Dept Physiotherapy & Occupat Therapy, Slagelse, Denmark [687]Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Dept 16, Moscow, Russia [688]Univ Sydney, IBJR, St Leonards, NSW, Australia [689]Univ Sydney, NHMRC Clin Trials Ctr, ANZCTR, Camperdown, NSW, Australia [690]Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Vasc & Endovasc Surg, Kermanshah, Iran [691]Semnan Univ Med Sci, Nursing Care Res Ctr, Semnan, Iran [692]Autonomous Univ Madrid, Princess Univ Hosp, Madrid, Spain [693]CIBERES Ctr Biomed Res Resp Dis Network, Madrid, Spain [694]Univ Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Kingston Upon Hull, N Humberside, England [695]Int Med Univ, Div Community Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [696]South African Med Res Council, Risk & Resilience Mental Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa [697]Univ Gothenburg, Occupat & Environm Med Dept, Gothenburg, Sweden [698]Deakin Univ, Dept Psychol, Burwood, Vic, Australia [699]Univ Western Ontario, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London, ON, Canada [700]Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Dept Populat Hlth, Strassen, Luxembourg [701]Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychiat, Vancouver, BC, Canada [702]Muhammadiyah Univ Surakarta, Dept Nursing, Surakarta, Indonesia [703]Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Community Med, Zaria, Nigeria [704]Univ Melbourne, Dept Agr & Food Syst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [705]Manonmaniam Sundaranar Univ, Dept Stat, Tirunelveli, India [706]Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Epidemiol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India [707]Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Bergen, Norway [708]Univ Valencia, Dept Med, Valencia, Spain [709]Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, Carlos III Hlth Inst, Madrid, Spain [710]Osaka Int Canc Inst, Canc Control Ctr, Osaka, Japan [711]Arbaminch Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Pharm, Arbaminch, Ethiopia [712]Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Mol Med, Hamadan, Iran [713]Univ Rajshahi, Dept Populat Sci & Human Resource Dev, Rajshahi, Bangladesh [714]Univ Gondar, Dept Clin Pharm, Gondar, Ethiopia [715]King Saud Univ, Pediat Intens Care Unit, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [716]Univ Gondar, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Gondar, Ethiopia [717]Cent Univ Kerala, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Kasaragod, India [718]Monash Univ, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [719]Russian Acad Sci, KA Timiryazev Inst Plant Physiol, Moscow, Russia [720]Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Moscow, Russia [721]Kerman Univ Med Sci, HIV STI Surveillance Res Ctr, Kerman, Iran [722]Kerman Univ Med Sci, WHO Collaborating Ctr HIV Surveillance, Kerman, Iran [723]Univ Calgary, Dept Med, Calgary, AB, Canada [724]Natl Inst Hlth & Med Res INSERM, Nutr Epidemiol Res Team EREN, Paris, France [725]Sorbonne Paris Nord Univ, Hlth Med & Human Biol, Bobigny, France [726]Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pathol & Legal Med, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil [727]Modestum LTD, London, England [728]Hanoi Med Univ, Dept Hlth Econ, Hanoi, Vietnam [729]Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA [730]Mbarara Univ Sci & Technol, Mbarara, Uganda [731]Univ Crete, Dept Med, Iraklion, Greece [732]Deakin Univ, Inst Phys Activ & Nutr, Melbourne, Qld, Australia [733]Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia [734]Alex Ekwueme Fed Univ Teaching Hosp Abakaliki, Dept Community Med, Abakaliki, Nigeria [735]Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Kasturba Med Coll, Mangalore, India [736]Argentine Soc Med, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina [737]Velez Sarsfield Hosp, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina [738]Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada [739]Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO USA [740]Christian Med Coll & Hosp CMC, Dept Nephrol, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India [741]UKK Inst, Tampere, Finland [742]Ilam Univ Med Sci, Psychosocial Injuries Res Ctr, Ilam, Iran [743]Raffles Hosp, Raffles Neurosci Ctr, Singapore, Singapore [744]Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore, Singapore [745]Univ Bologna, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Bologna, Italy [746]StOrsola Malpighi Hosp, Occupat Hlth Unit, Bologna, Italy [747]Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ, Dept Hlth Care Adm & Econ, Moscow, Russia [748]Fdn Univ Islamabad, Fdn Univ Med Coll, Islamabad, Pakistan [749]Kings Coll London, Sch Populat Hlth & Environm Sci, London, England [750]Wuhan Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China [751]George Washington Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Washington, DC USA [752]Royal Childrens Hosp, Cardiol Dept, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [753]Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Critical Care & Neurosci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [754]Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Demog, Berkeley, CA USA [755]Fed Inst Populat Res, Competence Ctr Mortal Follow Up German Natl Cohor, Wiesbaden, Germany [756]Naresuan Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Phitsanulok, Thailand [757]Guys & St Thomas Hosp, NIHR, Biomed Res Ctr, London, England [758]Kings Coll London, London, England [759]Wenzhou Med Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Wenzhou, Peoples R China [760]Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [761]Univ Tsukuba, Res & Dev Ctr Hlth Serv, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan [762]Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Med, Suita, Osaka, Japan [763]Duke Univ, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, Durham, NC USA [764]Univ Ottawa, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada [765]Univ Oxford, George Inst Global Hlth, Oxford, England [766]Kerman Univ Med Sci, Hlth Serv Management Res Ctr, Kerman, Iran [767]Kerman Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Management Policy & Econ, Kerman, Iran [768]Arba Minch Univ, Dept Nursing, Arba Minch, Ethiopia [769]Mekelle Univ, Dept Anat, Mekelle, Ethiopia [770]Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Suicide Res & Prevent, Hong Kong, Peoples R China [771]Univ Hong Kong, Dept Social Work & Social Adm, Hong Kong, Peoples R China [772]Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Dept Neuropsychopharmacol, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan [773]Juntendo Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan [774]Jackson State Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Jackson, MS USA [775]Tsinghua Univ, Sch Med, Beijing, Peoples R China [776]Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth, Sari, Iran [777]Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Injury Prevent & Safety Promot Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [778]Wuhan Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Wuhan, Peoples R China [779]Wuhan Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Wuhan, Peoples R China [780]Hubei Univ Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Management, Shiyan, Peoples R China [781]Urmia Univ Med Sci, Dept Healthcare Management & Econ, Orumiyeh, Iran [782]Dow Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmaceut, Karachi, Pakistan [783]Monash Univ, Sch Clin Sci Monash Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [784]Univ Tehran Med Sci, Psychiat & Psychol Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran [785]Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Lab Genet & Genom, Moscow, Russia [786]Russian Med Acad Continuous Profess Educ, Addictol Dept, Moscow, Russia [787]Wuhan Univ, Sch Med, Wuhan, Peoples R China [788]Univ Melbourne, Dept Gen Practice, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [789]Victorian Comprehens Canc Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia [790]Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Publ Hlth, Wuhan, Peoples R China [791]Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab Occupat Hazard Identificat & C, Wuhan, Peoples R China [792]Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Biol & Pharmaceut Engn, Wuhan, Peoples R China [793]Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX USA [794]Univ Washington, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seattle, WA USA
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摘要:
OBJECTIVES To use data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) to estimate mortality and disability trends for the population aged a70 and evaluate patterns in causes of death, disability, and risk factors. DESIGN Systematic analysis. SETTING Participants were aged a70 from 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Years of life lost, years lived with disability, disability adjusted life years, life expectancy at age 70 (LE 70), healthy life expectancy at age 70 (HALE-70), proportion of years in ill health at age 70 (PYIH-70), risk factors, and data coverage index were estimated based on standardised GBD methods. RESULTS Globally the population of older adults has increased since 1990 and all cause death rates have decreased for men and women. However, mortality rates due to falls increased between 1990 and 2019. The probability of death among people aged 70-90 decreased, mainly because of reductions in non communicable diseases. Globally disability burden was largely driven by functional decline, vision and hearing loss, and symptoms of pain. LE-70 and HALE 70 showed continuous increases since 1990 globally, with certain regional disparities. Globally higher LE-70 resulted in higher HALE-70 and slightly increased PYIH-70. Sociodemographic and healthcare access and quality indices were positively correlated with HALE-70 and LE-70. For high exposure risk factors, data coverage was moderate, while limited data were available for various dietary, environmental or occupational, and metabolic risks. CONCLUSIONS Life expectancy at age 70 has continued to rise globally, mostly because of decreases in chronic diseases. Adults aged a70 living in high income countries and regions with better healthcare access and quality were found to experience the highest life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Disability burden, however, remained constant, suggesting the need to enhance public health and intervention programmes to improve wellbeing among older adults.

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出版当年[2021]版:
大类 | 1 区 医学
小类 | 1 区 医学:内科
最新[2023]版:
大类 | 1 区 医学
小类 | 1 区 医学:内科
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出版当年[2020]版:
Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
最新[2023]版:
Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

影响因子: 最新[2023版] 最新五年平均 出版当年[2020版] 出版当年五年平均 出版前一年[2019版] 出版后一年[2021版]

第一作者:
第一作者机构: [2]San Juan de Dios Sanit Park, St John God Hlth Pk, Barcelona, Spain [3]Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, Madrid, Spain [450]Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Sch Nursing, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
通讯作者:
通讯机构: [1]Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Global Hlth & Anesthesiol & Pain M, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA [5]Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA USA [7]Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA [10]Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA [794]Univ Washington, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seattle, WA USA
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