Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global health challenge, requiring effective strategies to promote rational antimicrobial prescribing among healthcare professionals. This study investigates how social support mediates prescribing behavior through psychosocial factors, providing insights into healthcare decision-making. A cross-sectional survey of 720 healthcare professionals was conducted, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to evaluate the mediating roles of self-efficacy, knowledge and skills, and health beliefs. The results identified significant mediating pathways, emphasizing the role of social support in shaping prescribing intentions and promoting rational drug use. These findings offer actionable recommendations for healthcare policy and antimicrobial stewardship programs by highlighting the importance of fostering supportive environments to enhance decision-making in clinical practice.