机构：[1]Tongren Eye Care Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院首都医科大学附属同仁医院[2]Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China研究所眼科研究所首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院首都医科大学附属同仁医院[3]Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China[4]Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Seegartenklinik Heidelberg, Germany
Purpose To assess prevalence and associated factors of myopia and high myopia in schoolchildren in Greater Beijing. Methods The school-based, cross-sectional Greater Beijing School Children Myopia study was carried out in the year 2016 in 54 schools randomly selected from 15 districts in Beijing. Non-cycloplegic auto-refractometry of the right eyes was performed. Results The study included 35,745 (99.4%) out of 35,968 eligible pupils with a mean age of 12.6 +/- 3.4 years (range 6-18 years). Prevalence of myopia defined as myopic refractive error of >=-0.50 diopters (D), >=-1D, >=-6D, >=-8D and >=-10D was 70.9%(95% confidence intervals (CI): 70.5,71.4), 60.9% (95% CI: 60.4,61.4), 8.6%(95% CI: 8.4,8.9), 2.2%(95% CI: 2.0,2.4), and 0.3% (95% CI: 0.3,0.4), respectively. The frequency of high myopia (>=-6D, >=-8D, >=-10D) increased from 1.5% (95% CI: 1.0,2.0), 0.4% (95% CI: 0.1,0.6) and 0.1% (95% CI: 0.00,0.02), respectively in 10-year-olds to 19.4% (95% CI: 17.3,21.6), 5.2% (95% CI: 4.0,6.4) and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.4,1.5), respectively, in 18-year-olds. Mean refractive error in the 18-year-olds was -3.74 +/- 2.56D (median:-3.63D; range:-19.6D to + 6.25D). Higher prevalence of high myopia (>=-6D and >=-8D) was correlated (all P<0.001) with older age (OR: 1.18, and 1.15, respectively), female gender (OR: 1.44 and 1.40, respectively), higher body mass index (OR: 1.02 and 1.03, respectively), taller body height (OR: 1.03 and 1.02, respectively), urban region of habitation (OR: 1.26 and 1.33, respectively) and higher school type (OR: 1.57 and 2.22, respectively). Prevalence of severe high myopia (>=-10D) was associated only with older age (P<0.001; OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.31, 1.59) but not with any education-related parameter such as higher school type (P = 0.48), urban region of habitation (P = 0.07) or female gender (P = 0.37). Conclusion In this most recent survey, prevalence of high myopia (>=-6D: 19.4%; >=-8D: 5.2%; >=-10D: 0.9%) in 18-year-old school children was higher than in previous surveys from mainland China. In contrast to minor high myopia and moderate high myopia (defined as myopic refractive error of <-10D), severe high myopia (myopic refractive error >=-10D) was not strongly correlated with educational parameters.
基金：
National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [81400431]
第一作者机构：[1]Tongren Eye Care Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China[2]Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
通讯作者：
推荐引用方式(GB/T 7714)：
Guo Yin,Duan Jia Li,Liu Li Juan,et al.High myopia in Greater Beijing School Children in 2016[J].PLOS ONE.2017,12(11):doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187396.
APA：
Guo, Yin,Duan, Jia Li,Liu, Li Juan,Sun, Ying,Tang, Ping...&Jonas, Jost B..(2017).High myopia in Greater Beijing School Children in 2016.PLOS ONE,12,(11)
MLA：
Guo, Yin,et al."High myopia in Greater Beijing School Children in 2016".PLOS ONE 12..11(2017)
