Purpose: To examine the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphisms and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Chinese population. Methods: The study consisted of 712 subjects, including 201 controls, 363 cases with early AMD, and 148 cases with exudative AMD. Genomic DNA was extracted from venous blood leukocytes. Common allelic variants of APOE (epsilon 2, epsilon 3, and epsilon 4) were analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing. Results: APOE epsilon 3 epsilon 3 was the most frequent genotype, with a frequency of 72.6% in controls, 72.5% in early AMD, and 70.3% in exudative AMD. Frequency of the epsilon 2 allele was 6.7% in controls, 7.4% in early AMD, and 8.8% in exudative AMD. Frequency of the epsilon 4 allele was 8.7% in controls, 7.7% in early AMD, and 7.8% in exudative AMD. No statistically significant difference in APOE genotype and allele frequency distribution was observed among controls, cases with early AMD, and cases with exudative AMD. For epsilon 2 allele carriers, the odds ratio was 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-1.93) for early AMD and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.53-2.10) for exudative AMD. For epsilon 4 allele carriers, the odds ratio was 1.04 (95% CI, 0.61-1.75) for early AMD and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.42-1.62) for exudative AMD. Conclusions: Our data provide no evidence to support an association of APOE polymorphisms with early or exudative AMD, suggesting that APOE is less likely to be a major AMD susceptibility gene in the Chinese population.