PURPOSE. To investigate whether the previously reported non-coding variant of the complement factor H (CFH) gene and two coding variants of the complement component 3 (C3) gene are associated with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Chinese patients. METHODS. One hundred fifty Chinese patients with exudative AMD and 161 control individuals without AMD were recruited for the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes. The non-coding variant of the CFH gene (rs1410996) and two coding variants of the C3 gene (rs2230199 and rs1047286) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by allele-specific restriction enzyme digestion and direct sequencing. RESULTS. Significant association was detected for exudative AMD with the CFH noncoding variant rs1410996. Frequencies of the risk C allele at rs1410996 were 72.0% in AMD cases versus 55.6% in controls (P < 0.001). The odds ratio for risk of AMD was 1.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82-3.54) for heterozygous TC genotype and 3.85 (95% CI, 1.84-8.05) for homozygous CC genotype compared with the wild TT genotype. In contrast, the C3 variants rs2230199 and rs1047286 were not associated with exudative AMD in the studied subjects. Frequencies of the risk G allele at rs2230199 and of the risk T allele at rs1047286 were 0.3% to 1.0% in both cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS. The data suggest that the noncoding variant rs1410996 of the CFH gene moderately increased the risk of exudative AMD in a Chinese population. The C3 variants were rare and not associated with exudative AMD in this Chinese cohort. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:1116-1120) DOI:10.1167/iovs.09-4265