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Automated prediction of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in osteosarcoma with deep learning and an MRI-based radiomics nomogram

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机构: [1]Department of Imaging, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China [2]Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, No. 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China [3]Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China [4]Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
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关键词: Osteosarcoma Radiomics Magnetic resonance imaging Neoadjuvant therapy Treatment outcome

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Objectives To implement a pipeline to automatically segment the ROI and to use a nomogram integrating the MRI-based radiomics score and clinical variables to predict responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in osteosarcoma patients. Methods A total of 144 osteosarcoma patients treated with NAC were separated into training (n = 101) and test (n = 43) groups. After normalisation, ROIs for the preoperative MRI were segmented by a deep learning segmentation model trained with nnU-Net by using two independent manual segmentations as labels. Radiomics features were extracted using automatically segmented ROIs. Feature selection was performed in the training dataset by five-fold cross-validation. The clinical, radiomics, and clinical-radiomics models were built using multiple machine learning methods with the same training dataset and validated with the same test dataset. The segmentation model was evaluated by the Dice coefficient. AUC and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to illustrate the model performance and clinical utility. Results 36/144 (25.0%) patients were pathological good responders (pGRs) to NAC, while 108/144 (75.0%) were non-pGRs. The segmentation model achieved a Dice coefficient of 0.869 on the test dataset. The clinical and radiomics models reached AUCs of 0.636 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.427-0.860 and 0.759 (95% CI, 0.589-0.937), respectively, in the test dataset. The clinical-radiomics nomogram demonstrated good discrimination, with an AUC of 0.793 (95% CI, 0.610-0.975), and accuracy of 79.1%. The DCA suggested the clinical utility of the nomogram. Conclusion The automatic nomogram could be applied to aid radiologists in identifying pGRs to NAC.

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出版当年[2021]版:
大类 | 2 区 医学
小类 | 2 区 核医学
最新[2023]版:
大类 | 2 区 医学
小类 | 2 区 核医学
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出版当年[2020]版:
Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
最新[2023]版:
Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

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第一作者机构: [1]Department of Imaging, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
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