Objectives: In this study we aimed to (1) determine the factors contributing to the successful impact of collaboration on health behavior in Chinese Public health institutes PRC and (2) investigate the associated challenges of collaboration on health behavior in Chinese public health institutes for PRC. Methods: We used a qualitative approach in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with mental health professionals employed in public health institutes in China. Results: We found that impacting social order and national health is significantly associated with health behavior in China (83%). Public health institutes play a significant role in promoting health behavior to enhance PRC with the collaboration of mental health institutes (16%). Social environment and communication distance are notable challenges for public institutions that hinder their path to promote health behavior (60%) efficiently. Work plans and improved communication are significant strategies for Chinese public institutes to promote PRC to achieve optimized health behavior (75%). Conclusion: With an in-depth analysis of the impact of collaboration on health behavior in public institutes for PRC, this study is an important contribution in theoretical and practical domains with implications for policymakers and practitioners of Chinese public health institutes.