This study aimed to analyze the composition of the total hospitalization expenses of patients with lung cancer in Beijing TongRen Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 before and after the implementation of the "Beijing Medical Consumption Linkage Comprehensive Reform Implementation Plan" (hereinafter referred to as "Reform"). The SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used to perform descriptive statistics on the total hospitalization costs of selected 1517 patients with lung malignant tumors, and single factor and multivariate regression analysis were used to clarify the influencing factors of the patients' total hospitalization costs. From 2018 to 2020, the total hospitalization costs of patients with lung malignant tumors increased year by year (P < .05), and the average length of hospital stay decreased year by year (P < .05). The total hospitalization expenses of patients with lung malignant tumors mainly include material expenses, surgical expenses, inspection expenses, inspection expenses and medicine expenses. After the implementation of the "Reform," the proportion of medicine, inspection, nursing and other expenses in the total hospitalization expenses of patients with lung malignant tumors has been significantly reduced (P < .05), and the proportion of surgical expenses has been significantly increased (P < .05). The results of the univariate analysis showed that gender, age, length of stay in the hospital, surgery, and tumor location were the main factors affecting the total hospitalization expenses of patients (P < .05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that gender (female), age (<40 years old), length of stay (≥15 days), surgery (yes), and tumor location (right lung) are the main factors affecting the total hospitalization cost of patients with malignant tumors (P < .05). Under the premise of ensuring the efficacy of patients, the economic burden of patients is reduced by reducing the cost of materials, shortening the length of hospitalization, strengthening hospital management, and controlling the continuous growth of hospitalization costs.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.