Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with a capsular tension ring and toric IOL implantation only in patients with axial myopic astigmatism who had undergone cataract surgery. Methods: Of 34 patients with axial myopia, 16 patients who had received IOL and capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation were included in the combined group and 18 patients who received toric IOL implantation only were included in the simple group. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated by measuring subjective refraction, residual astigmatism, and the toric IOL axis six months post-surgery. Results: At six months postoperatively, the UCVA for the combined and simple groups was 4.6 +/- 0.1 and 4.5 +/- 0.2, respectively, a statistically significant difference (t = 3.531, P<0.05). The toric IOL in all of the cases was located in the capsular sac, but there were more cases with IOL rotation (12 eyes) in the simple group than in the combined group (4 eyes). The rotation angles were 20 degrees similar to 30 degrees (one eye), 10 degrees similar to 20 degrees (four eyes), and <10 degrees (seven eyes) compared with 2 degrees similar to 5 degrees (four eyes). The residual astigmatism was -0.50 +/- 0.25 D in the combined group, not a significant difference from the predicted residual astigmatism (-0.35 +/- 0.13 D). There was a significant difference in the simple group (-1.25 +/- 0.33 D) when the predicted residual astigmatism was compared (-0.37 +/- 0.11 D) (t = -9.511, P < 0.01). Conclusions: In patients with axial myopic astigmatism, CTR can effectively increase the rotational stability of a toric IOL, achieving improvement in corneal astigmatism and visual acuity.