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New insights into glutamate ototoxicity in cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons

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机构： [1]Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, China [2]Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA [3]Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China

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关键词： Cochlea apoptosis-inducing factor perilymphatic perfusion

摘要：

Conclusion: Excess glutamate (Glu) exposure (20 mM) in the cochlear perilymph affects the physiological function of outer hair cells (OHCs) within a 2 h period and induces apoptosis in the modiolus spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in an apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-dependent manner. Objectives: To determine whether high-dose Glu affects the function of OHCs and whether it induces AIF- and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in the cochlear SGNs. Methods: Perilymphatic perfusions of Glu (20 mM) and artificial perilymph (AP) solutions were performed in adult guinea pig cochleae. Both cochlear microphonics (CM) and electrical auditory brainstem response (eABR) were measured before and 2 h after perfusions. The hair cell morphologies were examined using transmission electron microscopy. The expression of two apoptotic indicators, AIF and caspase-3, was examined 8 h after perfusions. Results: In contrast to AP perfusions, the perfusion of 20 mM Glu caused significant reduction in the CM and eABR amplitudes. Inner hair cells (IHCs) after Glu perfusion were deformed and exhibited vacuolization in the postsynaptic region, whereas the OHC system appeared unaffected. AIF expression was detected in the nuclei of SGNs 8 h after Glu exposure, but the expression of caspase-3 was not shown in any cochlear tissues.

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出版当年[2009]版：

大类 | 4 区医学

小类 | 4 区耳鼻喉科学

最新[2023]版：

大类 | 4 区医学

小类 | 4 区耳鼻喉科学

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出版当年[2008]版：

Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

最新[2023]版：

Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

影响因子： 1.2 最新[2023版] 1.4 最新五年平均 0.868 出版当年[2008版] 1.035 出版当年五年平均 0.983 出版前一年[2007版] 0.984 出版后一年[2009版]

第一作者：

第一作者机构： [1]Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, China [3]Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China

通讯作者：

通讯机构： [3]Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China [*1]Capital Med Univ, Tongren Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol, Beijing 100730, Peoples R China

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