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Multi-target RNA interference: A disruptive next-generation strategy for precision treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

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机构: [1]Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China [2]Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China [3]The Research Institute for Joint Diseases, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China [4]Department of rehabilitation, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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关键词: Rheumatoid arthritis siRNA TNF-alpha NF-kappaB Fibroblast-like synoviocytes Targeted delivery

摘要:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic joint inflammation. Existing therapeutic regimens, including disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologics, exhibit incomplete efficacy and pronounced limitations. RNA interference (RNAi) utilizing small interfering RNA (siRNA) facilitates the precise silencing of key pathological drivers in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins IL-1 and IL-6, as well as pivotal inflammatory pathways including NF-κB. This comprehensive systematic review meticulously analyzes 140 studies focusing on therapeutic siRNA for RA. The utilization of siRNA in RA involves the profound inhibition of macrophage and fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) activation through the strategic targeting of TNF, RELA, and MAPK/JAK signaling pathways. In addition, siRNA diminishes inflammatory responses by suppressing critical inflammasome constituents like NLRP3 and fosters the reestablishment of immune equilibrium via downregulation of Th17 differentiation factors and augmentation of regulatory T cell (Treg) functions. It also directly reduces the aggressiveness of FLS by inhibiting pathological signaling components such as CCN1, KHDRBS1 and E2F2. Experimental studies in rodent models have demonstrated that targeted delivery of siRNA via nanoparticles against pathogenic mediators significantly suppresses paw inflammation and mitigates joint destruction. Although challenges such as stability, off-target effects, and efficient delivery remain, advancements in molecular modifications and nanoparticle technology offer promising solutions to these obstacles. In conclusion, unlike the traditional single-target DMARDs or biologics, multi-target RNA interference presents a highly precise mechanism to inhibit intracellular inflammatory cascade and joint damage progression in RA, offering a potential deterrent to disease advancement.Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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出版当年[2025]版:
大类 | 2 区 医学
小类 | 2 区 药学 3 区 免疫学
最新[2025]版:
大类 | 2 区 医学
小类 | 2 区 药学 3 区 免疫学
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出版当年[2023]版:
Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
最新[2024]版:
Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

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第一作者机构: [1]Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China [2]Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China [3]The Research Institute for Joint Diseases, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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通讯机构: [1]Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China [2]Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China [3]The Research Institute for Joint Diseases, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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