Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-alpha) in patients with rib fracture. Methods: Data were prospectively collected from 70 patients with with rib fracture between January 2016 and December 2016. All patients were divided into minor trauma groups and severe trauma groups by using the AIS-ISS. Comparison of three groups of PCT, CRP, TNF-alpha and serum enzyme. After the operation, the patients were divided into infected and uninfected groups according to the infection, and the relationship between the level of PCT, CRP, and TNF-alpha and postoperative infection was analyzed. Results: The expression levels of PCT, CRP, TNF-alpha, ALT and AST were significantly higher in the severe trauma group than those in the mild trauma and control group. The mild trauma group was higher than the control group, and there was a significant difference between the three groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between PCT, CRP, and TNF-alpha in different age groups (P > 0.05). Postoperative PCT, CRP and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in the infected group than the uninfected group. The uninfected group was higher than the control group, and there were significant differences between the three groups (P < 0.05). The evaluation of postoperative infection of patients with PCT over 2.0 ng/mL, CRP over 99.5 mg/L, TNF-alpha over 104.5 ng/mL were all have highly sensitive and specific. The sensitivity of the three combinations was 96.9%, and the specificity was 92.0%, and the area under roc curve (AUC) was 0.918, which is obviously superior to that of any one. Conclusion: The inflammatory factors of PCT, CRP, TNF-alpha play an important role in the damage of rib fractures, the severity of the injury and the early infection can be assessed by measuring the expression level of the three inflammatory factors.